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The Judge Who Said No: How a Supreme Court Magistrate Stopped an Internal Probe Targeting Spain's Elite Investigative Unit

The Judge Who Said No: How a Supreme Court Magistrate Stopped an Internal Probe Targeting Spain's Elite Investigative Unit

On May 19, 2025, the head of the Civil Guard's Arms division arrived at Spain's Supreme Court carrying an internal file targeting the UCO, the elite unit…

On May 19, 2025, the head of the Civil Guard's Arms division, Antonio Cortés, walked into the chambers of Supreme Court magistrate Leopoldo Puente carrying an internal administrative file directed at the Civil Guard's own elite investigative unit, the UCO. What happened next reveals something consequential not just about Spanish judicial politics, but about the fragility of the institutional safeguards that protect the investigators who work corruption cases involving those in power. --- THE CONTEXT --- The UCO had spent years working judicial cases that touched the immediate circle of President Pedro Sánchez: his wife, Begoña Gómez; his brother; former minister Ábalos, who was later convicted; and former PSOE number two Santos Cerdán. According to judge Santiago Pedraz, Leire Díez, described as a political operative within the PSOE, had spent months attempting to «destabilize» those same judicial proceedings. The UCO was the central target. --- THE FACTS --- On April 29, the Civil Guard's own intelligence service sent a formal note to the Deputy Operational Director, Manuel Llamas, warning of maneuvers by the circles of Díez and Santos Cerdán designed to undermine the UCO's credibility. On May 5, the UCO itself sent a second note to the same recipient with identical concerns. Llamas and director general Mercedes González acknowledged both alerts. Neither took any protective action. What they did instead moved in the opposite direction. On May 9, the lawyer for Koldo García sent a WhatsApp message to Díez blaming the UCO for leaks in ongoing proceedings. Díez replied that she had just bet, at a lunch with González, that the leaks were coming from the unit itself. The following day, newspaper EL MUNDO published compromising messages between Sánchez and Ábalos. The UCO had not yet accessed Ábalos's devices; that would not happen until a month later. At 9:16 the following day, González activated a 24-hour automatic deletion setting on her WhatsApp messages with Díez. At 11:30 on the same day, Llamas met Cortés in the cafeteria of the general directorate on Guzmán el Bueno street in Madrid and asked him to take charge of the internal file against the UCO. Cortés agreed. The source notes that since 2023, Llamas had opened only six such files in total. Three of them targeted the UCO. On May 19, Cortés presented himself before magistrate Puente. Puente refused to authorize any formal opening and warned Cortés that if the process continued, he would open proceedings against Cortés himself and against whoever had assigned him the task. Cortés closed the file exactly one week later, on May 26. --- THE POSITIONS --- Mercedes González defended the move publicly, calling an internal file on the UCO «normal» within the institution. Magistrate Puente disagreed in unambiguous terms. The UCO had documented the external maneuvers against it in writing before the file was ever assigned to Cortés. No public response from Leire Díez or Santos Cerdán on these specific events is known to have been issued. --- WHAT REMAINS UNKNOWN --- The source does not disclose the precise allegations contained in the file Cortés brought to Puente. It is unclear whether Llamas or González have faced any formal institutional or legal consequences for failing to act on the April 29 and May 5 alerts. Whether Puente ultimately opened any formal proceedings following his verbal warning is also not reported. --- UNANSWERED QUESTIONS --- • What specific allegations did the internal file contain that Cortés presented to magistrate Puente? • Have Llamas or González faced any institutional or legal consequences for ignoring the documented alerts? • Did magistrate Puente ultimately open any formal proceedings following his warning on May 19? • Which specific UCO investigations would have been directly exposed had the internal file proceeded? --- EPM ANALYSIS --- The sequence the source reconstructs is not easily dismissed as coincidence: two formal alerts ignored, automatic message deletion activated hours before a file was assigned, and a statistical concentration of three UCO-targeted files among only six total opened since 2023. For the workers inside the UCO — investigators who documented threats to their own operation and received no protection from their chain of command — the episode exposes a structural gap. The safeguard that functioned was not a designed institutional mechanism but the individual judgment of a single magistrate who happened to be the next door on the chain's path. That is a thin margin for an institution that depends on its independence. 📌 📌 📌 📌 📌 EPM Take: In EPM's view, the May 19 episode illustrates a pattern EPM has tracked across its Spanish coverage: institutions that hold not because systems are robust but because individuals, at critical moments, refuse to comply. The UCO investigators who filed those April and May alerts did their job. Nobody above them in their chain of command protected them. A magistrate outside that chain did. That inversion of accountability — where the external check works and the internal one fails — is the real story here, and it demands an honest answer from those responsible for the Civil Guard's command structure.
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