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One in Five Central Banks Has Moved Its Gold Away From the U.S. Since Trump Took Office

One in Five Central Banks Has Moved Its Gold Away From the U.S. Since Trump Took Office

The Netherlands moved 59 tonnes of gold from New York to London between March and August, cutting its U.S. share from 31.3 to 18.5 percent.

The Netherlands' central bank shifted dozens of tonnes of gold from New York to London between March and August, and it is not alone: one in five central banks worldwide has repositioned gold reserves since Donald Trump's return to power, according to the World Gold Council. --- THE CONTEXT --- After the Second World War, several countries moved their reserves to the United States because until 1971 the dollar was convertible into gold under a fixed exchange-rate system. Storing the metal in the U.S. also served as protection against a potential war with the Soviet Union. Since then, the volume of gold held on American soil has fallen by half. --- THE FACTS --- Between March and August, the Dutch central bank sold 59 tonnes in New York and repurchased the same quantity in London; it also physically transferred more than 27 tonnes from the U.S. The share held in New York fell from 31.3 to 18.5 percent, while London's share rose from 18.1 to 32.1 percent. Total reserves remain unchanged at 612.4 tonnes. The bank cited growing geopolitical instability, better risk distribution and the need for immediate liquidity in a crisis. The Federal Reserve Bank of Manhattan, housing an estimated more than 500,000 bars in a vault 25 metres underground, is the world's largest gold custodian — but it does not own the metal it stores. --- THE POSITIONS --- The Dutch bank said it hopes not to sell gold but must be prepared to do so. The World Gold Council's current-year survey found that 9 percent of central banks repatriated gold and 10 percent diversified storage locations in the past 12 months — up from 5 percent and 2 percent respectively the previous year, when Trump had not yet returned to the White House. The Federal Reserve has not issued a public position on the trend. --- WHAT REMAINS UNKNOWN --- The specific identities of the central banks making up that 20 percent have not been disclosed. The operational costs of the Dutch transfer and any downstream effect on liquidity available to households or smaller institutions are also unknown. --- UNANSWERED QUESTIONS --- • Which central banks make up the 20 percent that has acted, and what total volume of gold does that movement represent? • Does the gradual outflow of gold from Manhattan raise borrowing or liquidity costs for economies that rely on dollar-denominated instruments? • What contingency protocols would the Dutch bank activate if London markets became inaccessible during a crisis? • Does the Federal Reserve plan any policy response to the documented acceleration in gold relocation? --- EPM ANALYSIS --- The pattern documented by the World Gold Council has doubled in scale in a single year. For workers and consumers, the most tangible consequence is that their national financial institutions are quietly hedging against the reliability of the U.S.-anchored Western financial framework. The decisive variable is whether the trend accelerates in 2026, when a similar share of central banks has indicated plans to act. 📌 📌 EPM Take: In EPM's view, each tonne leaving Manhattan represents a quiet institutional vote of no confidence — not a dramatic rupture, but an accumulation of rational decisions that reshapes Western financial geography. EPM has reported on Europe's southern flank under pressure near Ceuta; this is its financial equivalent. When disciplined allies redistribute gold they deposited under the Atlantic guarantee, they are not abandoning the Western order. They are presenting a bill. The longer Washington remains silent, the higher the final cost.
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