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Componente de acero suspendido por una grúa dentro de una instalación de fusión
Trabajos de ingeniería en una instalación de fusión. · Imagen generada para EPM

12-tonne box doubles MAST Upgrade heating power for hotter plasma studies

UKAEA engineers manoeuvred a 12-tonne double beam box into position for MAST Upgrade at Culham Campus.

--- The context --- MAST Upgrade is the United Kingdom's flagship fusion machine, based at UKAEA's Culham Campus. Its work is to heat plasma to extreme temperatures so researchers can investigate the technologies and physics that future fusion power plants will need, including STEP, the United Kingdom's prototype fusion power plant. --- The facts --- Engineers at the UK Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA) achieved a technological milestone by manoeuvring a massive 12-tonne component into position for MAST Upgrade. The double beam box has a double-decker layout designed to house two neutral beam injectors, which fire high-energy neutral atoms into the plasma, raising its temperature to more than 30 million degrees Celsius. By adding two more injectors to the existing setup, the new double beam box will double the machine's neutral beam heating power from 4.4 MW to 8.8 MW. The hotter plasma conditions, expected to double from 30 million to 60 million degrees Celsius, will let researchers investigate what future fusion power plants require, including STEP. The completed vessel, including its lid, will weigh around 15 tonnes, with a volume of 20 cubic metres, about the same as 130 bathtubs. It is made from 316L stainless steel, a grade used in offshore infrastructure and medical implants for its strength, durability and resistance to corrosion, with good vacuum compatibility. --- The positions --- Andrew Thornton, Head of MAST Upgrade Operations at UKAEA, said in attributed terms that the lift of the double beam box is a huge step forward for the machine. As he put it indirectly, doubling the heating power will open plasma conditions that could not be reached before, allowing the team to study the stability of higher-pressure plasmas and test how the exhaust system copes with hotter plasmas, questions he described as crucial for STEP and future fusion power plants, while praising the collaboration across UKAEA teams. --- What remains unknown --- There are no experimental results yet from the new setup, because the major hardware still has to be manufactured and fitted inside the vessel. How the plasma will actually perform under the hotter, higher-pressure conditions also remains to be seen once experiments begin. --- Unanswered questions --- How will the plasma respond when heating power rises from 4.4 MW to 8.8 MW? What will the stability of higher-pressure plasmas reveal? How will the exhaust system cope with temperatures of 60 million degrees Celsius? --- EPM analysis --- The lift is part of wider engineering work now underway: a new electron Bernstein wave (EBW) microwave heating system, power supply equipment repurposed from the Joint European Torus (JET), the beam line module, a cryopump that will control pressure inside the vessel, and the positive ion neutral injectors (PINIs). All major hardware is expected by the end of autumn 2027, with experiments due in 2028. 📌 EPM Take: In EPM's view, lowering a 12-tonne component into place matters because of what it unlocks: doubled heating power and access to a plasma regime that was previously out of reach. The real measure of this milestone will be what that regime teaches STEP and the fusion power plants that follow, and its credibility rests on a concrete timetable, with hardware fitted by the end of autumn 2027 and scientific experiments beginning in 2028, which must now be met step by step.
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