Spain • • • 🌿 Progressive

Urna transparente con sobres blancos y sepia sobre una mesa en un colegio electoral
Urna con papeletas en un colegio electoral, imagen alusiva a la guía oficial para las elecciones generales del 29 de noviembre. · Imagen generada para EPM

Spain's November 29 election: the official guide to voting

The official guide to Spain's November 29, 2026 general election sets out a census of 38.728.356 voters, a campaign from November 13 to 27, voting hours from…

--- The context --- Spain will vote on Sunday, November 29, 2026, to elect the Cortes Generales, the legislative body made up of the Congress of Deputies and the Senate under the Constitution of 1978. National sovereignty resides in the Spanish people, from whom the powers of the State emanate, and elections to the Cortes are held every four years unless the prime minister orders an early dissolution of the chambers, as has happened on this occasion according to the official guide. An extraordinary Council of Ministers on October 5, 2026 approved the royal decree dissolving the Cortes and calling elections to Congress and the Senate. The decree was published in the Boletín Oficial del Estado on Tuesday, October 6, the day it entered into force, and the official guide gathers the answers to citizens' main questions about the process and its deadlines. --- The facts --- A total of 38.728.356 voters may take part: 35.958.711 live in Spain and 2.769.645 live abroad. Among residents in Spain, 1.615.127 will vote for the first time in a general election, having turned 18 since the previous vote to the Cortes on July 23, 2023. All 38.728.356 voters are called to decide the composition of both chambers. Congress will have 350 deputies, elected by universal, free, equal, direct and secret suffrage through closed and blocked lists: each voter chooses the white ballot paper of the selected party and cannot alter the order of candidates. The Senate has 209 senators elected by direct suffrage, plus those appointed by the regional legislative assemblies, and there voters choose the person on a single sepia ballot paper, selecting 3, 2 or 1 candidates depending on the constituency. The campaign will last 15 days, from 0:00 hours on Friday, November 13 to 24:00 hours on Friday, November 27, and the resulting chambers will meet in constituent sessions on December 23 at 10h. Voting on November 29 will run from 9:00 to 20:00 hours, and the definitive count will take place from December 4 to 7 by the Provincial Electoral Boards, after each station's provisional count. --- The positions --- The Government and the electoral administration present the guide as an instrument of transparency: the Electoral Administration exists to guarantee the transparency and objectivity of the process and the principle of equality, while the Electoral Census Office prepares the census and answers citizens' queries. The administration must also safeguard equal opportunities for persons with disabilities. For citizens, the guide stresses that voting is not compulsory in Spain and that nobody can be forced or coerced in exercising the right to vote or made to reveal their vote. Anyone working that Sunday will have up to 4 paid free hours to vote, and every person may exercise the right consciously, freely and voluntarily, with whatever means of support they may require on the day. --- What remains unknown --- Decisive preliminary steps still lie ahead: the census, closed on August 1, 2026, could be consulted from October 12 to 19 at town halls, provincial delegations and consular offices, the same window for filing claims. Census cards showing each voter's polling place and station will be sent out from November 2, and the draw for polling station members will take place between October 31 and November 4, with notification in three days. --- Unanswered questions --- How many of the 1.615.127 first-time voters will actually turn out on November 29? How will the participation of the 2.769.645 voters living abroad shape the final result? Will every polling place and station meet full accessibility conditions so that no voter is left out? Election day itself, and the turnout figures published afterwards, will provide the only reliable answers to these open questions. --- EPM analysis --- The guide concentrates the practical rules of the process in a single document: who votes, under which census, at what hours, with which identification —national identity document, passport or driving licence with photograph— and what happens to those drawn for a polling station. Serving on a station is compulsory: presidents and members receive an allowance and a five-hour reduction of the next working day, but anyone who fails to appear without a justified cause faces prison of 3 months to a year or a fine of 6 to 24 months. The system converts votes into seats through provincial constituencies and the D'Hondt method, with candidate lists that must reflect balanced parity between women and men. The guide also defines valid votes —including the blank vote— and null votes, from altered envelopes to ballot papers with names crossed out or added wording. Knowing these rules is the difference between taking part with confidence and solving doubts at the last minute. 📌 EPM Take: In EPM's view, this official guide serves a basic democratic function: it places the rules of November 29 within reach of all 38.728.356 voters with verifiable figures and clear deadlines, from the census closed on August 1 to the definitive count from December 4 to 7. Its real value will depend on the information reaching those who need it most in time: the 1.615.127 first-time voters, residents abroad and the citizens drawn to staff the polling stations, because a well-explained election is also an election with better turnout and stronger public scrutiny in every polling place nationwide.
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