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Balancín petrolero y torre de perforación en una llanura colombiana al amanecer, con un gasoducto hacia las montañas
Ilustración alusiva a la agenda para recuperar la autosuficiencia energética de Colombia. · Imagen generada por EPM

Oil sector could add 20 trillion pesos a year until 2050

Frank Pearl, president of the ACP, argues that the sector could contribute an additional 20 trillion pesos a year until 2050 and 695 trillion in total, if…

--- The context --- Recovering energy self-sufficiency and contributing new resources to public finances sit at the center of the agenda that the Colombian Association of Oil and Gas seeks to advance together with the Government. Its president, Frank Pearl, argues that the sector can grow again if the conditions for investment are restored and companies return. That agenda follows a severe setback. According to Pearl, close to 20 thousand jobs were lost over the last three years, exploration fell by more than 53 %, and investment in exploration dropped by 14 % from one year to the next. Against that balance, he is working with the incoming Government on 47 initiatives for the sector to be reborn and help heal public finances. --- The facts --- The central figure is fiscal. Pearl states that the sector could generate an additional 20 trillion pesos a year until 2050, and he summarizes the study commissioned from the Regional Center for Energy Studies as 695 trillion additional pesos from now until the year 2050, in today's pesos. In his account, that amounts to more than one tax reform per year, from rents, surcharges and royalties, for the central government and for the regions. Between the first of January and the 30 of June of this year, the departments that receive royalties failed to receive 365 thousand million pesos over six months because of illegal blockades of operations. Pearl also says he agrees with bringing into the open the 60 trillion that were not in the budget, adjusting spending and reprofiling the debt, although he warns that tightening the belt is not enough on its own. With those 695 trillion, he adds, 47 % of all poverty in Colombia could be eliminated and the entire health system deficit resolved. He also recalls that world oil demand will grow by at least 25 % until 2050 and that energy demand will grow 50 % more over the next 10 years, so, although hydrocarbons lose share, the world will consume more oil and more gas in absolute terms than it does today. --- The positions --- The 47 initiatives cover security, territorial planning, environmental licenses and prior consultations, speeding up the contracts that already exist, and a new tax regime for large investments, like the one he points to in Argentina. In the short term he proposes unblocking the most important projects, and in the medium term, public policy measures designed to last over time and across administrations. On security, Pearl states that last year there were more than 1,300 blockades, more than 30 attacks against oil pipelines and more than 1,109 punctures of the tubes, attributed to criminal groups that sell the hydrocarbons to coca processors. He speaks of a criminal organization acting against the sector and calls for protection of the strategic assets of production and distribution in the territories. On prior consultation he defends protecting the rights of communities, enshrined in the Constitution, and removing the mafias that, he argues, have turned it into a business. He welcomes separating the environmental license from the completion of the consultation, so both procedures can move in parallel and save a couple of years per project, and he calls for licensing to recover transparency and effectiveness. On hydraulic fracturing, he acknowledges serious concerns about seismicity and aquifers that must be addressed with scientific information. He notes that in the United States there are more than a million wells using that technique, at a depth 10 times greater than that of the aquifers, and that Colombian standards are among the highest in the world. In his view, the gas problem could be solved in a year and a half with that technique, not in one year, using the existing contracts and transparent disclosure. His environmental reading rejects the dilemma between wealth and the environment, which he calls false: sustainability, he argues, means generating wealth, distributing it well and protecting ecosystems. He states that capturing a ton of carbon is monetized here at 20 thousand pesos, up to three times less than in international markets, and he proposes a large program, led by the environment minister, to recover the Caribbean tropical dry forest and the Amazon biome with international resources. --- What remains unknown --- The interview does not detail the content of each of the 47 initiatives or their timetables, beyond the early wins and the projects of strategic national interest. Pearl estimates that, once the bottlenecks are unblocked, self-sufficiency could be recovered gradually within about four or five years, stressing that in this sector nothing is immediate and results depend on sustained decisions. The conversation remains open at the end. Asked about Sirius, described as the lifeline for gas over the next five years and whose entry has been postponed, Pearl's answer does not appear in the available text. Nor is it specified how the new resources would be divided between the central government and the regions, or what the incentive regime would contain. --- Unanswered questions --- Will the full and verifiable detail of the 47 initiatives agreed with the Government be published for public scrutiny? Which projects will enter first under the figure of strategic national interest and by what criteria? How will it be guaranteed that the resources reach the regions and reduce poverty on the scale projected? What did Pearl answer about Sirius and the postponement of its entry? --- EPM analysis --- The proposal joins fiscal urgency with territorial development. The offer is not only to produce more, but to turn that production into sustained public revenue until 2050, into formal regional employment and into financing for ecosystems that today generate no income, through payments for environmental services that do not come from the national budget in deficit. There is also a warning about time. The investors described do not react to a momentary price, above 100 dollars a barrel, but to rules that last, to security and to agile procedures. Without that, the country would remain, in his image, like a family with a trunk of gold ingots under the bed that goes out borrowing drop by drop while paying interest. 📌 EPM Take: In EPM's view, Pearl's proposal gains strength when it links oil revenue with the regions, poverty and ecosystems, because the debate then stops being only about taxation and becomes one of verifiable territorial development in each producing department and in each community affected by the projects themselves over the coming years. The 20 trillion a year until 2050 will only be credible if the 47 initiatives are published with deadlines, responsibilities and public controls, if prior consultation protects rights without mafias, and if security protects people, communities and strategic assets alike across the whole country and in the national debate ahead.
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