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Petrolero Lourdes, registrado bajo el pabellón de Cuba, uno de los cinco buques bloqueados por la OFAC
El petrolero Lourdes, uno de los cinco buques identificados por la OFAC como propiedad bloqueada en el nuevo paquete de sanciones contra la red marítima vinculada a Cuba. · PortalPortuario / Justo-M. Prieto/MarineTraffic

US sanctions oil and military network linked to Cuba

The United States sanctioned two individuals and eight entities, two of them Chinese, and blocked five oil tankers linked to crude transport to or from Cuba…

--- The context --- The United States maintains a pressure strategy on Cuba's government. According to EFE, since Washington captured former Venezuelan president Nicolás Maduro in January, it has restricted the flow of Venezuelan crude, the island's main energy benefactor, to harden pressure on the government of Miguel Díaz-Canel, from which it demands political change. --- The facts --- The United States announced on Thursday new sanctions against two individuals and eight entities, two of them Chinese, considering that they have links with elites in Cuba, as well as with networks that move oil to and from the island or facilitate military material for the Cuban army, EFE reported. The Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) of the Treasury Department also identified five vessels as blocked property: Esperanza, María Cristina, Gloria C, Emilia and Lourdes. As blocked property, they cannot be transferred, sold, withdrawn, paid for, exported or used without specific authorization from the US government. The sanctions affect the shipping companies Caroil Transport Marine, based in Cyprus, and Tentacool Commercial, of Panama, in addition to the Cuban firms Internacional Marítima and Petróleos Marítimos del Caribe (Petromarca), linked by Washington to the transport of crude and derivatives to or from Cuba. They also reach the Cuban state firms Cubaelectrónica and Tecnosime and the Chinese corporations CEIEC and Beijing H&C Technologies, which Washington accuses of supplying military components and equipment through the Cuban company Duna. The package also sanctions Guillermo Rodríguez López-Calleja, linked to a maritime network transporting petroleum products, and Any Rodríguez Lastres, daughter of the president of the GAESA military conglomerate, Ania Guillermina Lastres Morera, and former commercial director of the Mariel Container Terminal. --- The positions --- President Donald Trump's government links the sanctioned shipping companies to the transport of crude and derivatives to or from Cuba, and accuses the Chinese corporations of supplying military components and equipment through Duna. Washington frames the package within its demand for political change on the island. Critics of this strategy often warn that the energy cost ends up falling on the Cuban population, while Havana attributes its crisis to the US embargo. --- What remains unknown --- EFE's report does not detail amounts, effective dates or reactions from the Cuban government or the designated companies. It also does not specify how much crude the five blocked vessels were moving or what immediate effect the measure will have on the island's energy supply. --- Unanswered questions --- Will Cuba, China or the sanctioned shipping companies respond to the package announced by Washington? How much crude will the five vessels identified as blocked property stop moving? Will there be authorizations or exceptions for specific operations, as OFAC's own scheme allows? --- EPM analysis --- The package combines three fronts: the maritime network that moves oil to and from Cuba, the state importers and the Chinese suppliers of military material. By also blocking the vessels as property, the measure seeks to close the full crude transport circuit, not only to sanction the managing companies. 📌 EPM Take: In EPM's view, the package targets the military leadership and its networks, but its real effect will be measured in Cubans' daily lives: fewer vessels available to move crude means more pressure on an already fragile energy system. Sanctioning shipping companies, state importers and Chinese suppliers can raise the cost of sustaining the Díaz-Canel regime, although the history of such measures shows that military apparatuses usually adapt while the population absorbs blackouts and scarcity. The pressure will be legitimate insofar as it distinguishes between the elite that controls GAESA and the citizens who did not choose this confrontation.
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