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Enjambre de drones militares pequeños en formación sobre un campo de pruebas al amanecer
Enjambre de drones en formación durante una prueba al amanecer. · Imagen generada por EPM

Pentagon creates unified command for drones and artificial intelligence

The United States is creating a unified command for drones, robotics and artificial intelligence to close its gap with China and Iran in mass, low-cost…

--- The context --- The war in Ukraine and recent hostilities in the Middle East changed the measure of military power. Saturation of the front with massive, low-cost drones showed that superiority based only on multimillion-dollar conventional platforms no longer guarantees control. Washington admitted that it had fallen behind China and Iran in manufacturing unmanned aircraft at industrial scale and at disposable cost. --- The facts --- The Department of Defense has begun a deep restructuring of its doctrine and bureaucracy. In the late nineties and the early two-thousands, the United States led the integration of large drones such as the Predator and Reaper, but those platforms were designed for surgical, high-cost missions, not for massive, expendable use. Iranian-designed loitering munitions and adapted commercial drones in Eastern Europe also exposed a clear asymmetry: intercepting devices worth a few thousand dollars with missiles that cost millions is unsustainable. Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth ordered a unified four-star command devoted to drones, robotics and artificial intelligence. The measure dismantles the fragmentation among the Army, the Navy and the Air Force, consolidates procurement and doctrine under a single chain of command and opens the field to mid-sized companies oriented toward affordable serial production. The restructuring seeks to adopt the rhythms of the technology ecosystem in place of the timelines of traditional contractors. --- The positions --- For the drivers of the change, the advantage does not lie in basic hardware but in artificial intelligence on board. According to that view, computer vision and autonomous mapping allow platforms to process and attack targets without emitting signals or depending on data links, making them immune to electromagnetic interference. Palmer Luckey, the founder of Anduril Industries, and Newt Gingrich joined an advisory group. The doctrine bets on hybridization: F-15, F-16 and F-35 fighters will operate under the loyal wingman concept, escorted by dozens of drones, while unmanned ground vehicles advance and naval platforms and submarine drones patrol. --- What remains unknown --- The deployment calendar is still unknown, as are first-year production volumes and how contracts will be divided between mid-sized firms and traditional contractors. Also undefined are the degree of autonomy per mission and the protocols for preserving human oversight when swarms operate without links under intense electronic warfare. --- Unanswered questions --- Can the United States produce cheap drones at the industrial scale now attributed to China? How long will the unified command take to turn the new doctrine into deployed, ready units? What effective limits will human control retain when an autonomous swarm must decide within seconds under total interference? --- EPM analysis --- The turn is industrial, doctrinal and cultural. Industrial, because the problem is manufacturing a lot, cheaply and fast. Doctrinal, because concern over Taiwan and China's swarm industrial base forces planners to think about saturation, not only precision. And cultural, because the Pentagon accepts that its fragmented bureaucracy became a disadvantage. The ethical debate over the lethal decision is its most delicate frontier. 📌 EPM Take: In EPM's view, creating a single command for drones, robotics and artificial intelligence acknowledges a lesson that recent fronts have already imposed: numbers, cost and autonomy weigh as much as sophistication. If the United States manages to combine serial production, on-board software resistant to electronic warfare and verifiable human oversight, it will regain initiative against China and Iran. If the reform stays at the level of charts and announcements, the industrial gap will keep deciding outcomes before any strategic speech, in a possible clash over Taiwan and beyond.
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