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Estudiante solitario de espaldas con mochila mirando su teléfono en un pasillo escolar con casilleros
Imagen alusiva al acoso escolar y al aislamiento de los estudiantes. · Imagen generada para EPM

Rumors and mockery: the most frequent bullying in Colombian schools

An analysis by the LEE at Pontificia Universidad Javeriana using Pisa 2025 data found that 20,7% of students aged 15 suffer frequent bullying in Colombia, with…

--- The context --- Colombia has had Law 1620 since 2013 to strengthen school coexistence and prevent violence in classrooms. Even so, an analysis by the Laboratory of Economics of Education (LEE) at Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, using microdata from the Ocde Pisa 2025 tests, shows that bullying remains present among students aged 15. --- The facts --- A total of 20,7% suffers frequent bullying: one in five students, close to 124.000 students, victims of mockery, threats, blows, rumors or publication of personal information without authorization. A total of 9,7% experiences some form every week. The most frequent form is rumors, with 13,4% saying classmates spread unpleasant comments. Mockery follows at 10,7%, blows and pushes at 4,3% and direct threats at 3,4%. Cyberbullying reaches 3,6%, almost always together with face-to-face aggression, so attacks continue on the mobile phone even at home. With little family support, frequent victimization is 24,4%; with high support it falls to 16,8%. In schools with the greatest coexistence difficulties it reaches 23,8%, and exposure is higher among those who repeated a grade or study at a level below expectations. A total of 27,7% of frequent victims feels alone at school, compared with 13,8% of those who do not suffer it, with lower life satisfaction and worse perception of safety. A total of 42,7% of bullied students missed classes in the two weeks before the test, compared with 34,5%, and their results in reading and mathematics were worse. Colombia ranks 43 among 90 systems, near the world average and better than the Latin American mean. --- The positions --- Gloria Bernal, director of the LEE, argued in indirect terms that families cannot be present in every difficult situation, but they can give tools to face bullying. Omar Garzón, a researcher, warned in indirect terms that the relationship between bullying, absenteeism and grade lag can become a vicious circle and that prevention is fundamental to guarantee the right to education. The report also warns that the smaller distance from Ocde countries does not necessarily mean improvement, because bullying rose in several developed nations. --- What remains unknown --- It remains unknown which strategies work in schools with better coexistence and whether Law 1620 of 2013 is applied uniformly. It is also unclear how much of the 3,6% cyberbullying starts inside the school community and how much outside it. --- Unanswered questions --- Why do rumors, at 13,4%, exceed physical aggression by so much? What specific support do students who repeated a grade and are more exposed need? How can victimization of 24,4% be lowered when family support is low? Can prevention break the link between absenteeism and grade lag? --- EPM analysis --- When rumors and mockery predominate over blows, aggression becomes less visible, but just as persistent every week. The report connects family, classroom climate and performance: loneliness at 27,7% and absenteeism at 42,7% are not minor effects, but part of the same educational problem that requires early detection and sustained attention in schools. 📌 EPM Take: In EPM's view, the priority must be to detect non-physical bullying early, strengthen family accompaniment and care for the coexistence climate before harm becomes loneliness, absenteeism and grade lag. The Pisa 2025 data show that support at home and an attentive school environment reduce exposure, so sustained prevention, with follow-up by school and support for the most vulnerable students, is the strongest path to protect the right to learn without fear every day.
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