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Asset sales emerge as fiscal pillar of the Economic Rescue Law

The Economic Rescue Law seeks to improve public accounts by 81 trillion pesos in 2028 through higher revenue and lower spending.

--- The context --- The Economic Rescue Law is moving through Congress and opens a debate on how to order public accounts. According to official calculations, it would improve public accounts by 81 trillion pesos in 2028, with higher revenue and lower spending. The sale of assets appears as a central route to widen fiscal room. --- The facts --- The two main revenue sources without resorting to debt are tax collection and the sale of national assets. The statement of motives confirms asset sales as an important pillar of the reform, although they would provide relief only once. One in three pesos collected by the tax authority goes to debt payment, reducing resources for public works and investment. The project argues for optimizing state assets and streamlining processes to sell shareholdings, reducing inefficiencies linked to assets not necessary for mission functions. According to a study by Lisandro Junco, a former director of the tax authority, the State brings together 62 companies with combined equity of 197 trillion pesos. The Disposal Plan in the 2027 Budget covers 38 Ecopetrol assets valued at 125,8 trillion pesos. --- The positions --- Junco pointed out, in his analysis, that electricity transmission was never the business of Ecopetrol and that a possible sale of ISA to Grupo Energía Bogotá would be a transfer between public companies rather than a privatization. ISA is controlled by Ecopetrol with 51,41%, its value is estimated between 17 and 20 trillion pesos, the share trades at 29.700 pesos and the cost would stand between 16,9 and 19,7 trillion pesos. Juan Ricardo Ortega, president of Grupo Energía Bogotá, indicated that this is the appropriate geopolitical moment for companies to integrate and gain global strength. Ecopetrol said in October that it was not in a divestment process. The Plan is an annual procedure and does not constitute a sale decision. --- What remains unknown --- The law in force since 2006 requires the nation to keep 80% of Ecopetrol. Today the stake is 88,49%, so it could sell 8,49% for about 9,5 trillion pesos, with the share at 2.720 pesos. Without corrections, public debt would reach 66,2% of GDP in 2027. It remains to be known which assets will advance, with which valuations and under which timetable decisions will be taken. --- Unanswered questions --- Which assets will truly be considered non-essential for the functions of the State? How will each disposal guarantee protection for public equity and linked services? What exact destination will each peso collected receive if a sale is completed? --- EPM analysis --- Junco proposes allocating revenue from non-essential assets to credit obligations, following article 60 of the Constitution and Law 226 of 1995. That procedure includes an independent valuation, a programme by decree, a first stage at a fixed price for workers, pensioners, funds and cooperatives, a second stage open to the public and quarterly reports to Congress and to the Autonomous Committee of the Fiscal Rule. The estimated effect is to lower gross debt by 3 points of GDP and reduce interest between 4 and 5 trillion a year, around 0,2% of GDP, permanently. 📌 EPM Take: In EPM's view, the data show a fiscal discussion with large figures and different effects depending on the asset and the timing of each operation. Selling shareholdings can ease cash flow only once, while the permanent benefit would depend on lowering interest costs and protecting public equity. The debate should therefore focus on verifiable valuations, clear rules for the destination of revenue and continuous public oversight, assessing with evidence the functions performed by each company before any final decision on its future is adopted.
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