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Campo de maíz dorado al atardecer con un silo de hormigón y un buque granelero en un puerto al fondo
Campo de maíz dorado al atardecer, con silo y buque granelero en puerto. Imagen generada.

U.S. grain groups accuse Mexico of evading corn ruling

Four United States grain and seed organizations filed complaints with the USTR alleging that Mexico uses ambiguous regulations and pending proposals to evade…

--- The context --- According to the available figures, Mexico would become the world's largest corn importer in the 2026-27 cycle, with 700 thousand tons more than the previous cycle, which was 27 million tons, according to the United States Department of Agriculture. It would keep first place until 2035, with 10 percent of international grain trade. --- The facts --- Four United States grain and seed organizations filed separate complaints with the Office of the United States Trade Representative, the USTR, in the public consultation for its 2027 report on foreign trade barriers. They are the United States Grains Council, the National Corn Growers Association, the North American Export Grain Association and the American Seed Trade Association. According to their filings, Mexico is using ambiguous regulations, administrative obstacles, laws in force and legislative proposals to evade the 2024 December ruling by a USMCA panel that required it not to restrict imports of genetically modified corn. They point to the 2025 reform that banned planting transgenic corn and ordered that any other use be assessed so that it is free of threats to biosafety, health and biocultural heritage, without specifying that assessment or who is responsible. --- The positions --- The complainants also question the initiative presented in September by President Claudia Sheinbaum in the Chamber of Deputies for a General Law of Ecological Balance, whose article 166 would empower the environment ministry, led by Alicia Bárcena, to assess uses of genetically modified corn other than planting. They add that draft NOM-187, written in 2021 to ban transgenic corn in tortillas and derivatives, was never formally discarded. --- What remains unknown --- The available reporting contains no response from the Government of Mexico and no decision by the USTR. It also does not specify how the assessment for uses other than planting would work, who would lead it in each case, or what will happen to draft NOM-187. These are allegations in a public consultation, not findings verified by an authority. --- Unanswered questions --- Will the Government of Mexico respond to each of the complaints filed with the USTR? Will the authorities clarify what the assessment of other uses of corn consists of and who is responsible for carrying it out? Will draft NOM-187 be formally discarded or remain in place as a possible rule? --- EPM analysis --- The dispute brings together trade, health and biocultural heritage, dimensions that cannot be settled with a single slogan. Protecting biosafety and corn diversity can be legitimate, but it requires understandable rules, public criteria and identifiable responsibility. When a rule leaves its scope open, as the organizations warn, uncertainty grows for importers, producers and consumers, and conflict fills the space that technical explanation should occupy. 📌 EPM Take: In EPM's view, the complaints should be read for what they are, allegations by an interested party, and not as a judgment against Mexico. The substance demands balance: defending biosafety, health and biocultural heritage without turning ambiguity into a hidden barrier, and complying with what was decided in 2024 without giving up evidence based regulation. Publishing clear criteria, naming those responsible and answering in writing would protect food sovereignty better than prolonged administrative silence ever could.
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