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Vista aérea de una presa hidroeléctrica con el embalse lleno entre montañas verdes de los Andes colombianos
Un embalse hidroeléctrico a su nivel máximo entre montañas, en una imagen alusiva. · Imagen generada

Hidroituango Reaches Level 420 and Strengthens Reserves for El Niño

The Hidroituango reservoir reached level 420, its maximum design level, after environmental authorisation, and accumulated close to 390 million additional…

--- The context --- Hidroituango has reached its maximum design level at a decisive moment for Colombia. The country is preparing for a season of lower rainfall between December and April, linked to the El Niño phenomenon, and every stored reserve of water takes on strategic value. The plant, still being completed, also carries a long history of construction, a contingency eight years ago and debates over environmental and administrative decisions that shaped its pace. --- The facts --- The reservoir reached level 420 metres above sea level, the maximum operating level for which it was designed, after the controlled rise authorised by the National Environmental Licensing Authority on 19 September 2026. Before that decision the reservoir stood at level 408. The difference of 12 metres made it possible to accumulate close to 390 million additional cubic metres of water. That reserve is equivalent, in energy terms, to the generation of a thermal plant of 130 megawatts or to consumption in Medellín for approximately 15 days. As of 31 October 2026, the project recorded construction progress of 96.47 %, with 4,800 people working to complete the pending units. When the eight turbines are in operation, installed capacity will be 2,400 megawatts, with 300 megawatts per unit, and full operation would make it possible to generate the equivalent of 17 % of the energy Colombia demands. The dam is 225 metres high and the reservoir extends 79 kilometres, with more than 3,600 monitoring instruments able to anticipate risk situations by up to 40 hours. --- The positions --- Medellín mayor Federico Gutiérrez held that the previous government kept the reservoir at level 408 and that this decision put the country's energy security at risk, and he went so far as to state that the sector's crisis had been deliberately provoked. In his account, the change of government made it possible to unlock the authorisation, and the October rains helped reach the maximum level before the most demanding stage of El Niño. Environment minister Fabio Alberto Arjona Hincapié defended the rise and questioned the earlier removal of plant material, holding that this intervention represented an investment of 36,000 million pesos that was not necessary. The environmental authority's director, Sergio Arturo Piñeros Botero, explained in turn that the operation has been carried out within the authorised parameters and that, so far, no effects on water quality and no changes in the dam's natural seepage have been identified. Antioquia governor Andrés Julián Rendón stressed that income derived from the settlement and from generation exceeded 600,000 million pesos this year, and that the resources will make it possible to finance the regional aqueduct for Turbo, Apartadó and Carepa, with investment above 1.6 trillion pesos. Energy minister María Nohemí Arboleda Arango compared the reservoir to a storage battery, underlined the reassurance it brings in the face of El Niño and called on households, businesses and industry to save energy. --- What remains unknown --- The verified evolution of water quality over the coming months remains to be known, along with the concrete progress of the pending works in the southern zone of the powerhouse cavern and the assembly schedule for the units that have yet to enter operation. Nor is the public debate closed over the decisions that kept the reservoir below its design level, because the political claims made at the event do not amount to a complete documentary verification. --- Unanswered questions --- Will the environmental authority publish periodic, comparable measurements of water quality after the rise to level 420? On what dates will the pending units enter operation until the capacity of 2,400 megawatts is completed? How will the resources destined for the regional aqueduct of Turbo, Apartadó and Carepa be executed, under what timetable and with what public oversight? --- EPM analysis --- The central fact is not only technical: a larger reserve reduces the system's vulnerability in the dry months and turns water stored today into room for manoeuvre tomorrow. At the same time, the project links energy, environment and regional development, because the income it generates can be translated into continuous drinking water for municipalities that waited for years for their aqueduct. The demand that follows is double and practical: transparent environmental monitoring and rigorous completion of the works, without the celebration of the milestone replacing permanent verification of every commitment made. 📌 EPM Take: In EPM's view, reaching level 420 is good news for Colombia's energy security because it adds 390 million cubic metres of reserve before the most demanding months of El Niño and brings closer a plant able to supply 17 % of national demand. The public value of the milestone, however, will be measured by what follows: water quality verified with open data, constant monitoring downstream, full completion of the pending units and transparent execution of the resources that must become drinking water for Turbo, Apartadó and Carepa in the coming years ahead.
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