Spain • 🌿 Progressive

EU bans under-15s from social media without parental consent

EU bans under-15s from social media without parental consent

The EU Kids Act, presented September 17 by Commission President Ursula von der Leyen and tech chief Henna Virkkunen, would ban under-15s from opening social…

The European Commission announced a legislative proposal that would bar children under 15 from opening accounts on social media platforms without parental authorization, shifting the responsibility for online child safety directly onto technology companies rather than families alone. The human stakes are concrete: millions of children currently using Instagram, TikTok or YouTube would require their parents' explicit approval to maintain or create accounts under the proposed EU Kids Act. --- THE CONTEXT --- European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen and EU technology chief Henna Virkkunen presented the EU Kids Act on Thursday, September 17, the day after Von der Leyen delivered her annual State of the Union address to the European Parliament. At least ten EU member states, including Spain, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Greece, Austria, Denmark, Belgium and Poland, were already studying or advancing national laws to restrict minors' social media access, increasing pressure on Brussels to act at the European level. --- THE FACTS --- Under the proposal, children under 15 may not register on social networks or video-sharing platforms without parental consent. Children aged 13 and 14 may ask their parents to open accounts on their behalf, subject to parental controls, limited contacts and time restrictions. The regulation extends to online video games and artificial intelligence chatbots, which the Commission defines as tools capable of providing advice on mental health and personal development to minors. A Commission document states that the European approach should allow minors to benefit from the enormous potential of digital services while protecting them from abuse and exploitation, and that it is necessary to limit technology companies' access to children, not the other way around. Platforms named in the source include Facebook and Instagram, owned by Meta, TikTok, YouTube, owned by Google, and ChatGPT. Company obligations will vary according to the type of service and the age of the users involved. --- THE POSITIONS --- The European Commission frames the proposal as a child protection measure that balances digital opportunity against the documented risks of abuse and exploitation. Meta, Google and the other named platforms have not issued a public response captured in this report. --- WHAT REMAINS UNKNOWN --- The source does not detail the age-verification mechanism platforms will be required to use, the sanction regime for non-compliance, the legislative timetable, or how the EU rule will interact with the national laws already advancing in multiple member states. --- UNANSWERED QUESTIONS --- • How will platforms verify a user's age without collecting sensitive personal data from children or their parents? • What enforcement body will oversee compliance, and with what sanctioning powers? • Will children from lower-income households, where parental digital literacy may be limited, be disproportionately affected by the new consent requirements? • How will the EU Kids Act interact with Spain's national child protection law, which is still moving through parliament? --- EPM ANALYSIS --- The EU Kids Act structurally repositions technology platforms from neutral infrastructure to duty-bound actors in child welfare. Families gain a legal instrument; children gain a layer of institutional protection. The platforms face compliance costs and a narrowed youth market. Whether this constitutes genuine protection or regulatory theater depends entirely on the age-verification architecture, which the proposal, as reported, does not yet resolve. 📌 📌 📌 EPM Take: In EPM's view, the EU Kids Act is the clearest signal yet that Europe will not allow the logic of engagement metrics to override child welfare. The move matters not only as law but as a signal to national governments, including Spain, that supranational standards can anchor fragmented domestic efforts. The decisive test, however, is enforcement. A rule without a credible verification mechanism is an aspiration, not a protection. EPM will watch whether the Commission's implementation tools match the ambition of its language.
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