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UN urges full implementation of Colombia peace deal as insecurity grows

UN urges full implementation of Colombia peace deal as insecurity grows

UN official Miroslav Jenča told the Security Council that Colombia's 2016 peace accord must be implemented in full, with funding, coordination and protection…

--- The context --- Nearly ten years after Colombia signed the 2016 peace agreement that sought to end a decades-long insurgency, the deal is under strain from growing insecurity. Communities in conflict-affected regions remain exposed to armed groups, geographical isolation and limited access to public services. Child recruitment, particularly among ethnic communities, and threats and attacks against women remain major concerns where the accord still depends on safety. --- The facts --- The United Nations' top official in the country, Miroslav Jenča, told the Security Council that illegal armed groups grew from around 15,000 members in 2022 to approximately 28,000 today, according to government data presented to legislators. Since 2016, 501 former combatants have been killed, most recently on 22 September in Cesar. Despite those risks, more than 11,000 former members of the FARC-EP remain committed to reintegration, with around 6,000 productive projects and 300 cooperatives. --- The positions --- Jenča said the accord must be implemented in full, with proper funding, better coordination between institutions and protection for former combatants. He pointed to gains in rural development and in transitional justice and reparation for victims, while admitting many shortcomings and that much remains to be done. He also condemned the killings of civil society leaders María Ovidia Palechor and James Flor in Cauca on 1 September, highlighting the risks faced by rights defenders. --- What remains unknown --- Further definition of several policies linked to the accord is still pending. Economic sustainability and security remain significant challenges for reintegration. Jenča argued that expanding economic opportunities, improving services and strengthening local institutions were essential to reducing violence, without specified timelines or concrete resources. --- Unanswered questions --- How will former combatants and social leaders be effectively protected in the regions most affected by violence? What funding and institutional coordination will be required for full implementation to become a reality rather than an aspiration? Will the productive projects and cooperatives achieve economic sustainability while insecurity continues to claim lives? --- EPM analysis --- The human dimension is measured in victims awaiting reparation, ethnic communities whose children face recruitment and leaders who risk their lives. Without services and real protection, the reintegration of more than 11,000 people remains exposed to the violence that has already taken 501 lives since 2016. 📌 EPM Take: In EPM's view, Colombia's peace agreement deserves to be defended for what it has already built in transitional justice, reparation and reintegration, but that defence requires protecting lives before celebrating figures. No productive project flourishes if those behind it fear for their safety, and no reparation is complete while communities remain isolated and underserved. The full implementation the UN calls for must translate into protective state presence, sustained rural development and real guarantees for victims, leaders and former combatants in every territory.
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