Spain • • • 🌿 Progressive

Una pareja joven observa edificios de viviendas en construcción con grúas en una ciudad española.
Construcción de viviendas en una ciudad española, en medio del debate sobre el déficit habitacional y el pacto de Estado. · Imagen generada EPM

Spain's housing shortage demands a state pact, not yearly patches

Miguel Ángel Vázquez Taín, president of the General Council of Economists, calls for a state pact on housing, recalls the Bank of Spain estimate of an…

--- The context --- Housing has become one of Spain's main economic and social problems. Scarce supply, difficult access for young people and the effort required to pay rent or a mortgage have placed housing at the centre of public debate, ahead of many other concerns. According to the Sociological Research Centre, access to housing is now the main problem for Spaniards, ahead of immigration or politics. In that setting, Miguel Ángel Vázquez Taín, president of the General Council of Economists of Spain, called for a long-term strategy involving every level of government and allowing far more homes to be built. --- The facts --- Vázquez argued that housing shapes growth and productivity, because workers who cannot move to where companies need them limit economic activity. He added the human dimension, warning that many families struggle to make ends meet because of housing costs and that many young people cannot leave the family home and live independently. He noted that the Bank of Spain estimates an accumulated shortfall of about 750.000 homes and warned that the problem will not be solved in the short term. He said urgent measures, such as some included in the government decree, can ease part of the pressure and help access with certain guarantees, but he insisted that they are not enough against a structural deficit that requires planning, investment and regulatory stability. He also pointed to a deeper obstacle: the previous property crisis destroyed an important part of the construction sector and there is now not enough specialised staff to build every home needed, even if governments agreed, land were available and permits were granted. --- The positions --- Vázquez asked for housing to be taken out of partisan debate, especially with elections in view, and for a state pact with a roadmap to build as soon as possible. He warned against continuing with patches and new decrees every year to answer emergencies, and he argued that social protection cannot fall exclusively on property owners, because the government also has much to do. In his division of tasks, town councils should speed up permits and find land to make available to the other levels of government, cutting deadlines while always guaranteeing legal certainty. The autonomous communities, also responsible for the public housing stock, should make it easier to build homes both for sale and for affordable rent, so families with fewer resources can access them on better terms. The government, he said, should promote investment and strengthen the productive fabric needed to build homes. The General Council of Economists offered itself to all three levels of government to help seek consensus. Even so, Vázquez voiced scepticism, saying he sees agreement as difficult under the current political situation and even after the elections, whatever the result. --- What remains unknown --- The source does not specify which measures in the decree he considers positive or which should be corrected, nor does it quantify how many homes would need to be built each year to close the accumulated shortfall. It also gives no deadlines for the roadmap he demands and no mechanism to enforce it when the political colour of a government changes. --- Unanswered questions --- Will there be a state pact on housing before the elections, or will each level of government keep acting on its own? How many homes can realistically be built each year while specialised staff remain scarce? What share of social protection should public spending assume so the burden does not fall only on property owners? Will parties accept a shared roadmap that survives changes of government? --- EPM analysis --- The strength of this intervention is that it joins the social and the productive without opposing them: expensive housing blocks young people's independence and, at the same time, holds back companies that cannot find workers where they need them. The interview also widened the focus to wages, productivity and employment. Vázquez acknowledged that business profits have risen in some sectors but warned that the increase has not been uniform and that most of the business fabric is made up of small and medium-sized companies. He argued that sustained wage growth requires higher productivity, welcomed as positive the substantial rise in the minimum wage in recent years and asked for those rises to be matched by productivity gains. On the 2022 labour reform, he recognised that employment has evolved very positively and that the reform contributed to job creation, setting the challenge as higher-quality employment with more stability and productivity. 📌 EPM Take: In EPM's view, the shared diagnosis should make agreement easier, even if politics makes it unlikely today: no one disputes that homes are missing, that young people cannot move out and that rent or mortgage payments strain many households. The honest argument is about pace and method, building far more, protecting people in need without placing the whole social burden on property owners, and judging every measure by its real effect on supply. If a state pact proves impossible, a verifiable roadmap with deadlines, land, permits and named responsibilities is the minimum citizens should demand.
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