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Termómetro gigante en rojo junto a un planeta con una flecha de temperatura en ascenso, ilustración editorial sin texto
Imagen alusiva al sobrepaso de 1.5°C y a la ruta de regreso planteada en el informe sobre la brecha de emisiones. · Imagen generada para EPM

Warming will pass 1.5°C, but deep cuts can bring it back down

The UN Environment Programme warns that warming will breach 1.5°C, with a peak of 1.7 to 1.8°C by mid-century in the best scenario.

--- The context --- The Paris Agreement, adopted in 2015, set the goal of keeping warming to 1.5°C. Since then renewable energy has boomed, supply from coal and oil has grown slower than projected and climate policies have cut emissions in many places. The UN Environment Programme published the Emissions Gap Report 2026: The Point of Return on Wednesday. It outlines the lowest possible overshoot scenario, with peak warming limited to 1.7 to 1.8°C by roughly mid-century. --- The facts --- That scenario requires slashing emissions by 18% by the end of the decade, 45% by 2035 and 69% five years later, compared with 2025 levels. If current policies continue, warming could reach 2.8°C within this century and increase thereafter. Even if all national climate action plans are delivered, warming will be limited to 2.6°C. Those outcomes are worse than last year's projections, due to the United States withdrawing from the climate deal and revised estimates of historical emissions. New national plans have hardly made a difference. --- The positions --- UN Secretary-General António Guterres said in a message accompanying the report that overshoot is not surrender. He argued it can still be kept as small and as short as possible, with temperatures brought back below 1.5°C by the end of the century. Inger Andersen, Executive Director of the UN Environment Programme, warned that every additional fraction of a degree and every additional year above 1.5°C increases impacts such as deadly floods, heatwaves and wildfires. She called for minimizing peak warming and returning to 1.5°C, stressing that it is possible. --- What remains unknown --- The report calls for accelerating the goals of the first Global Stocktake, held from 2021 to 2023: tripling renewable energy capacity, doubling energy efficiency improvements by 2030, shifting away from fossil fuels, reducing non-CO2 emissions and reversing deforestation. Progress across most goals remains insufficient. --- Unanswered questions --- Will countries turn those goals into real reductions before peak warming approaches 1.8°C in the coming decades? Will the second Global Stocktake, which begins next month at the COP31 climate conference in Antalya, Türkiye, set quantified goals for 2035 and 2040? How will the United States withdrawal be offset? --- EPM analysis --- Reducing the share of coal, oil and gas in total energy supply by at least 55%, 15% and five per cent by 2035, relative to 2025, would be required. By 2040 the required reductions rise to 75%, 30% and 35%, a deep transformation of the energy system. 📌 EPM Take: In EPM's view, the importance of this report lies not in announcing that 1.5°C will be breached, but in showing with hard numbers that the size and length of the overshoot still depend on near-term choices. An 18% cut by the end of the decade does not guarantee the return, but without that first step the goals for 2035 and 2040 become rhetoric. The window is narrow yet open, and whether it is used will be measurable year after year in actual emissions.
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