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Single railway track stretching ahead through green countryside, with a blue sign bearing a yellow arrow on the left
El marcador de bloque implicado en el incidente cerca de Welshpool, en una vía única rodeada de vegetación. · Network Rail / GOV.UK

ETCS failure near Welshpool left a phantom margin of 610 metres

An infrastructure monitoring train under Level 2 ETCS supervision stopped near Welshpool at around 23:52 on 15 September 2026 at the marker ending its movement…

--- The context --- Near Welshpool, in Powys, rail safety depends on the European Train Control System, known as ETCS, measuring exactly where a train is and how far it may travel. When that measurement fails on the wrong side, a driver can be given a more permissive indication than the reality of the track allows. --- The facts --- At around 23:52 on 15 September 2026, a wrong side failure of the ETCS occurred near Welshpool. According to the preliminary examination by RAIB, the rail accident investigation body, an infrastructure monitoring train operating under Level 2 ETCS supervision stopped at the block marker which should have signified the end of its movement authority. Despite having reached that marker, the on-board equipment indicated to the driver that there remained 610 metres further to travel. RAIB attributed the error to the equipment using incorrect wheel diameter information to calculate the position of the train. A component had prevented the correct diameter from being stored following routine maintenance, and neither an independent speed system nor track-mounted balises corrected the inaccurate distance. --- The positions --- RAIB stated that a wrong side signalling failure which did not result in an accident or near miss would normally be investigated by the rail industry, not RAIB. After reviewing the preliminary examination, it concluded that it will not be conducting a full investigation. Even so, it considered that the findings indicate potential weaknesses in the protection arrangements within the on-board equipment which merit further consideration by Network Rail during its investigation. RAIB therefore wrote to Network Rail to highlight the circumstances. RAIB also sent copies of that letter to the Office of Rail and Road, the health and safety regulator for the mainline railway, and to the operator of the infrastructure monitoring train, so that both would be aware of its contents and the circumstances set out in the preliminary examination would not rest with Network Rail alone. --- What remains unknown --- The available information does not state what the investigation by Network Rail will conclude or what changes will follow for the protection arrangements in the on-board equipment. It also does not explain how the component prevented the correct diameter from being stored, beyond linking that failure to routine maintenance. --- Unanswered questions --- What will the investigation by Network Rail find about the protection arrangements in the on-board equipment? Why did neither the independent speed measurement system nor the track-mounted balises correct the distance? Will other trains be checked after a component prevented the correct wheel diameter from being stored? --- EPM analysis --- The case connects with earlier issues that RAIB investigated on the Cambrian lines concerning the integrity of the ETCS, including the loss of safety-critical data covered in report 17/2019. In that instance, according to RAIB, a support system had caused a failure of the higher integrity signalling system and appropriate protection against foreseeable failures had not been provided. That the main calculation and the correction mechanisms all fell short again directs attention to those layers. 📌 EPM Take: In EPM's view, a safety system cannot rest on a single measurement or on corrections that, when they are needed, correct nothing, because public confidence in the railway depends on foreseeable failures being contained before they reach the driver. Deciding against a full investigation should not close the matter: the letter to Network Rail and the copies sent to the regulator and to the operator require a verifiable response on the protection arrangements in the on-board equipment.
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