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126 social leaders killed and 94 massacres shake Colombia

The Defensoría del Pueblo reported 126 social leaders killed between January 1 and September 30, 2026, along with 94 massacres that left 366 victims in 23…

--- The context --- In Colombia, defending rights in the territories remains a high-risk task. Those who carry out community activities, promote the defense of human rights and work to build peace face persistent violence that has set off alarms across the country. --- The facts --- The Defensoría del Pueblo released this Friday the violence figures recorded between January 1 and September 30, 2026. During that period, 126 social leaders were killed, of whom 27 were women and 99 were men. In the same period, 94 massacres took place, leaving 366 victims in 23 departments of the national territory. In addition, 12 signatories of the Peace Agreement were killed in different violent episodes. The averages deepen the picture described by the institution. Colombia recorded on average more than ten massacres per month, while the killings of social leaders exceeded 14 cases per month. Cauca, Antioquia and Valle del Cauca are the departments where social leaders are killed the most. --- The positions --- The Defensoría del Pueblo warned that recognizing and protecting those who defend rights means caring for the social fabric and the democracy of the country. According to the institution, when the work of social leaders is stigmatized, their labor is undermined and their safety is put at risk. The body also emphasized that real guarantees must be provided and that those who work for peace in the territories must not keep being silenced. --- What remains unknown --- The report does not detail who would be responsible for the killings or for the massacres, nor does it specify what concrete protection measures will be applied after the alert. It also reports nothing on the state of the investigations into these violent acts. --- Unanswered questions --- What concrete measures will follow this alert to protect social leaders in Cauca, Antioquia and Valle del Cauca? Will those responsible for the 94 massacres recorded in the period be identified and prosecuted? How will protection be guaranteed for the signatories of the Peace Agreement who remain in the territories? --- EPM analysis --- The figures describe violence that strikes exactly where democracy is built from below, in the communities. An average above ten massacres per month and above 14 leader killings per month shows that the risk is not episodic but sustained throughout the measured period. 📌 EPM Take: In EPM's view, the gravest fact is not only the magnitude but the constancy: 126 leaders killed and 94 massacres in the measured period describe a pattern that no isolated alert can reverse. Protection must be measured in lives saved in the territories, not in statements. As long as Cauca, Antioquia and Valle del Cauca keep concentrating the killings, the debt to those who defend rights and build peace will remain open and the social fabric will keep paying the highest cost.
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