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Muro de arena que se extiende por el desierto del Sahara al amanecer con un puesto remoto al fondo
El muro de arena en el desierto y un puesto remoto, en el contexto del fin de la misión en el Sahara Occidental. · EPM

UN Vows to Keep Backing Western Sahara After MINURSO Ends

The MINURSO mandate expired at midnight on Saturday after Russia vetoed a United States draft and a rival Russian text failed, and the United Nations says it…

--- The context --- The mandate of MINURSO, the United Nations mission for the referendum in Western Sahara, expired at midnight on Saturday after the Security Council failed on Friday to agree on its future. A presence that since 1991 had monitored the ceasefire and created conditions for a political solution has therefore ended. --- The facts --- A draft resolution from the United States was vetoed by Russia, while a rival Russian text failed to win the nine votes needed for adoption. When its mandate ended, the mission was headquartered in Laayoune, with nine team sites, four west of the berm and five east of it, and a liaison office in Tindouf. It had about 200 civilian staff, military observers and staff officers from over 35 countries, and a dedicated mine action capability. Sunday marks the start of a liquidation period, with a smaller team reporting to the Department of Operational Support overseeing the disposal of equipment. According to the statement by Secretary-General António Guterres, delivered by his spokesperson, the departure does not abrogate the inalienable right of the people of Western Sahara to self-determination, and all parties were called on to respect and promote their rights. Guterres recognized the central role of the mission since 1991, thanked its personnel and Alexander Ivanko, who led it after hostilities resumed in 2020 through a particularly challenging period, and paid tribute to the 20 personnel lost during 35 years. MINURSO was established under resolution 690 (1991), in line with settlement proposals by the United Nations and the Organization of African Unity accepted in 1988 by Morocco and the Frente POLISARIO. Those proposals provided for a referendum between independence and integration with Morocco that never took place. In 2007 Morocco put forward an autonomy proposal envisaging the territory as self-governing under Moroccan sovereignty. --- The positions --- The delegate of the United States said his draft would have supported self-determination and moved the 50 year conflict forward, calling the status quo unacceptable. The Russian delegate said the text would have imposed one-sided solutions and described his vote as a veto intended to save the situation. The Russian alternative of a one year extension to 31 October 2027 failed to attract enough support from the 15 nation body. The United Nations stands ready to continue supporting dialogue through Personal Envoy Staffan de Mistura. --- What remains unknown --- What remains unknown is how the rights of the Sahrawi people will be protected without the presence that monitored the ceasefire, how long the liquidation will last and whether the Council will seek another common formula. --- Unanswered questions --- Who will monitor the ceasefire once the liquidation ends and the smaller team withdraws? Can Staffan de Mistura sustain dialogue without a mission on the ground? What concrete steps will back the right to self-determination beyond declarations? --- EPM analysis --- The central risk is a protection vacuum. Without observers, any incident can escalate without an international presence to contain it. Guterres expressed concern about security and the risk of escalation, called for full cooperation for an orderly withdrawal and urged maximum restraint. 📌 EPM Take: In EPM's view, what matters now is that self-determination does not fade together with the mission that was meant to make it possible through a referendum. The United Nations says that right remains intact and that it will keep supporting a peaceful resolution, and that promise must become active diplomacy, effective protection of the rights of the Sahrawi people and sustained pressure for the parties to cooperate. Without that visible commitment, distrust and risk will fill the empty ground.
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