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Cúcuta operation detained 111 people and launched the Esparta campaign

Cúcuta operation detained 111 people and launched the Esparta campaign

A public force operation in Cúcuta and other municipalities of Norte de Santander left 111 people detained and 58 raids, according to the Fiscalía.

--- The context --- Cúcuta, the capital of Norte de Santander, is a border city facing Venezuela that lives under permanent pressure from armed and criminal structures present in the region. Authorities attribute to those organizations income from local drug trafficking, extortion and other illegal economies, in a territory where residents endure selective homicides and theft across eight districts of the city and neighboring municipalities. Tension rose after the assassination of Miguel Castellanos, a former Cúcuta government secretary, on October 26, and an explosive attack near the Francisco de Paula Santander international bridge that left four police officers wounded. In response, President Abelardo de la Espriella ordered the temporary militarization of Cúcuta on October 29, with around 500 soldiers from urban special operations units patrolling in coordination with the Police and the Fiscalía. --- The facts --- Operation Nemesis was carried out in the early hours of Wednesday, November 4, 2026, coordinated by prosecutors from the Specialized Directorate against Criminal Organizations and the Norte de Santander sectional office. The National Police, the Technical Investigation Corps of the Fiscalía and the National Army took part, with raids across eight districts of Cúcuta that extended to Villa del Rosario, San Cayetano and the district of La Parada. The balance delivered by the Fiscalía confirmed 111 people detained and 58 search procedures. Of those detained, 42 had judicial orders and 69 were captured in flagrancy, and the procedures also reported the apprehension of a minor. Those detained would be linked to seven criminal organizations: the National Liberation Army, Tren de Aragua, La Familia P., Los Turcos, Los Mexicanos, Los Manilargos and Los de la F. Investigations link those structures to selective homicides, local drug trafficking, extortion and theft. The raids seized firearms, magazines, ammunition, suppressors and cell phones, in addition to more than 7,800 kilograms of marijuana and 3,400 kilograms of cocaine and bazuco. Four vehicles were also seized, eight motorcycles were recovered and merchandise estimated at approximately 500 million pesos was found, according to the official report. Five alleged members of the National Liberation Army, identified as members of the National Urban War Front, are investigated for their possible participation in the attack on the Aguaclara police substation in February 2022 and in the preparation of an explosive device in July 2024. The same detainees are also linked to forced displacement and to actions connected with the illicit recruitment of a child aged 12. Three men were also captured who, according to authorities, extorted merchants and citizens for Tren de Aragua and coordinated drug distribution. The operation also intervened in an alleged network that altered expired, deteriorated or institutional-use medicines to sell them as fit for consumption, and produced two captures in flagrancy tied to an investigation into alleged sexual exploitation of women and minors at a webcam studio in the Las Américas sector. --- The positions --- President Abelardo de la Espriella initially announced 109 captures and 49 raids, figures that the later Fiscalía report updated to 111 captures and 58 procedures. The Government presented the operation as one of the first results of the Esparta military and police campaign, announced on November 3 to recover territorial control of the Catatumbo and confront the structures operating in Norte de Santander. Nemesis joins the Urban Security Operational Bloc deployments in Barranquilla on October 16, with 72 detained, and in Antioquia on October 27, with 149 detentions. The Fiscalía stated that those detained will be brought before guarantee control judges and that it will file charges according to the conduct attributed to each person, including conspiracy to commit crimes, homicide, terrorism, extortion, drug trafficking, human trafficking and attempted illicit recruitment. The Government also announced a social component for Cúcuta and the Catatumbo and daily monitoring of the results of Esparta. --- What remains unknown --- The individual responsibility of each detainee and their exact participation in the events under investigation are not yet known, a task the Fiscalía must establish case by case. The circumstances of the Las Américas webcam studio case and the inner workings of the alleged altered-medicines network have not been specified either, matters that remain in the hands of the judicial authorities. --- Unanswered questions --- What evidence will support the charges against each detainee before the guarantee control judges? Will extorted merchants and Catatumbo communities receive effective protection after the operation? What concrete measures will prevent new cases of illicit recruitment like that of the child aged 12? Will the social component of Esparta reach the border population with improvements in living conditions? --- EPM analysis --- The weight of the operation now shifts to the courts: 42 captures under prior judicial orders and 69 in flagrancy must become solid charges, because a lasting dismantling depends on judicial results and not only on balances. The coordination among specialized prosecutors, Police and Army showed a capacity for simultaneous deployment across several municipalities, but its real effect will be measured by the evidentiary strength of each case file. The other yardstick is social. The Government promised actions to improve living conditions and daily monitoring of the campaign; if that component advances at the pace of the military deployment, territorial recovery can become a permanent state presence. If it lags behind, the illegal economies that finance the named structures will once again find room among the border population. 📌 EPM Take: In EPM's view, Operation Nemesis is a broad blow whose real value will be measured in courtrooms and neighborhoods, not only in the tally of detainees. The Fiscalía figures show coordination among the Police, the Army and prosecutors, but the Esparta campaign will only be credible if every charge holds before the judges, if extortion victims receive effective protection and if the social component reaches Cúcuta and the Catatumbo with the same constancy as the military deployment ordered for the border with Venezuela and for the communities that live along it.
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