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Urnas transparentes y sobres de votación sobre una mesa en un aula preparada como colegio electoral
Urnas y papeletas preparadas en un colegio electoral. · Imagen generada por EPM

Right bloc tops 190 seats as PSOE closes to two points

The 40dB. survey keeps the PP, Vox and UPN bloc above 190 seats, but the PSOE improves by 1.8 points and cuts the PP lead to two points.

--- The context --- With three weeks to go before polling day, Spain heads into the general election on the 29th with two simultaneous readings in the same 40dB. survey. The first is the broad and steady lead of the right-wing bloc. The second is the PSOE recovery, now just two points behind the PP, within the survey margin of error. Fieldwork was carried out from November 2 to 4, with 2,000 online interviews and a sampling error of +-2.2%, amid the shock of the Urda rail disaster and after Transport Minister Óscar Puente resigned. --- The facts --- The PP, Vox and UPN together would gather half of all votes cast and pass 190 seats, more than 15 above the absolute majority in Congress. The PP would remain the largest party with 31.9% of the vote and 129 seats, eight fewer than it holds now, after slipping by more than a point. Vox would rise 5.6 points compared with 2023 and move from 33 to 61 seats, although it sheds almost a point in the final stretch of fieldwork compared with the previous reading. The PSOE improves by 1.8 points compared with late October and closes the gap with the PP to two points. That advance comes despite the collision of two trains on the Madrid-Seville AVE line, with 69 fatalities, and despite the final stretch of the survey coinciding with the hours after Óscar Puente resigned. According to the poll, Pedro Sánchez and his party would lose two of their current 121 deputies and would still stand almost two points below their July 2023 result. --- The positions --- Flows within the right explain much of the distribution. Transfers toward Vox could reach 15% of those who had voted for the PP, 1.2 million people in absolute terms. In preferences for prime minister, Alberto Núñez Feijóo scores 20% and is practically tied with Santiago Abascal, who sits just two tenths behind him. Pedro Sánchez leads that same ranking with 30% support and is the favorite among Socialist voters, among voters of sovereigntist parties and also among Frente Amplio voters. In the space to the left of the PSOE, the decline is severe. Frente Amplio would win 5% of the vote and 10 seats, compared with the 31 that Sumar placed in the last Congress, and its candidate, Ada Colau, records 4.4% in prime minister preferences, almost level with Irene Montero. Podemos, standing alone, would fall to 1.2% and risks ending up outside Parliament, retaining only 8 out of every 100 voters who backed Sumar in 2023. --- What remains unknown --- The poll does not settle which party will finish first, because the two-point distance between the PP and the PSOE falls within the +-2.2% sampling error. Nor does it clarify the real scope for Socialist mobilization: among the electorates of the main parties, PSOE voters are the least certain to turn out, with 68% saying they will vote, almost seven points less than among PP voters. Socialists also lose 6.5% of their voters to the PP, around half a million people, although they capture one in four of those who supported Sumar in 2023 and improve among voters who describe themselves as centrists. --- Unanswered questions --- Will the PSOE confirm at the ballot box its recovery to within two points, or will the distance from the PP widen again in the final stretch? Will it manage to mobilize its least certain voters, who today say they will turn out at only 68%? Will Podemos end up outside Parliament on 1.2%, and what will happen to representation on the left if Frente Amplio is left with just 10 seats? --- EPM analysis --- The territorial map adds significant contrasts. ERC could rise from 7 to 10 seats, EH Bildu from 6 to 7, the BNG from 1 to 2, and Adelante Andalucía would break through with 3. By contrast, the PNV could lose 2 of its 5 deputies and be left without a parliamentary group for the first time since 1978, Junts would retain only 3 of its 7 seats, Coalición Canaria would keep its single deputy and UPN would add another seat. On motivations, 41.9% say the election serves to end sanchismo, against 31% whose main motivation is to keep the far right out of government, and average ideological self-placement stands at 5, the exact center of a scale from 0 to 10. 📌 EPM Take: In EPM's view, the survey offers a double picture that must be read in full, without triumphalism on any side. The right keeps a very comfortable bloc advantage, with more than 190 seats, but the PSOE has closed to within two points of the PP at the government's most adverse moment, after a disaster with 69 fatalities. The key to the remaining three weeks lies not in the blocs but in the mobilization of the undecided, and in whether the collapse of the left of the PSOE is consolidated or finds a floor before the 29th.
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