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Fajos de billetes de pesos colombianos junto a documentos presupuestales, una lupa y una calculadora en un escritorio con la bandera de Colombia al fondo
Billetes de pesos colombianos y documentos de presupuesto bajo revisión, en una imagen alusiva a la advertencia fiscal. · Imagen generada

Fiscal committee: 2027 budget keeps risks even with tax reform

The Autonomous Fiscal Rule Committee warned that the 2027 budget, worth 634.9 trillion pesos, keeps unfunded spending pressures even with a tax reform, with a…

--- The context --- Colombia approved a national budget for 2027 worth 634.9 trillion pesos amid strained public finances. The Autonomous Fiscal Rule Committee examined that framework and warned that spending pressures are not fully funded, so the imbalance could widen even if much of the tax reform promoted by the government moves forward. --- The facts --- The committee's president, Juan Carlos Ramírez, pointed to personnel spending, pensions, health care, energy subsidies and resources to address the effects of the August earthquake as the main pressure factors. Under the budget approved by decree, the total deficit in 2027 would be 9.5% of GDP and the primary deficit would reach 4.5%, levels Ramírez described as historically high. Today a third of tax revenue goes to interest payments and, without major adjustments, that share could reach 50% within three years. --- The positions --- Ramírez said the interest trend explains the urgency of correcting the fiscal imbalance and described as relatively reasonable the official proposal for an adjustment of between four and five points of GDP over four years, while noting the committee has not yet assessed all its components in detail. He also attributed part of the deterioration to weakened fiscal discipline and planning instruments, with a loss of credibility in official targets. For her part, Olga Lucía Acosta, co-director of the central bank, said inflation would not begin to fall until mid-2027. --- What remains unknown --- The committee's detailed assessment of the adjustment project's components and its revenue and spending estimates is still pending. It also remains unclear how the subsidized health regime will be fully funded and how public-sector union agreements will affect the payroll, against the official goal that such spending not grow above inflation. Added to that are the impact of El Niño on energy subsidies and the effects of court decisions on pension spending. --- Unanswered questions --- Will the tax reform, if it advances, be enough to close the gaps the 2027 budget shows today? How will the subsidized health regime be fully funded without widening the deficit? What will happen to the public payroll if union agreements raise costs beyond what was planned? --- EPM analysis --- The diagnosis links three fronts: revenues overestimated in the past, rigid spending on the rise and growing debt. Ramírez recalled that in 2024 the revenue estimate differed by close to four points of GDP from what was finally collected, leaving obligations that carried into the following year and pushing budget reserves from a traditional level slightly above 20 trillion pesos to 50 trillion pesos in 2024, before falling partially in 2025. Without adjustment, central government debt could rise from 60% to 67% of GDP, close to the 71% considered the sustainable maximum. Market measures also place closing inflation for 2026 between 6.7% and 6.91%, with core inflation expectations still elevated and expectations continuing to rise above the central bank's projections. 📌 EPM Take: In EPM's view, the warning matters because it links fiscal order to the services people rely on every day. If a third of tax revenue already goes to interest and that share could reach 50%, the room for health care, pensions and energy subsidies narrows exactly when those needs are most pressing. Combining higher revenue, spending control and more rigorous planning is therefore not a minor technical debate: it is the condition for ensuring the 2027 budget does not pass the cost of disorder on to those who depend on the state for essential support.
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